The relationship between working posture and musculoskeletal disorders among electrical industrial workers in Isfahan

Esmaili, Farzaneh; Sheikhhoseini, Rahman; Piri, Hashem; Gholami, Fatemeh

doi:10.22059/sshr.2023.360897.1096

The relationship between working posture and musculoskeletal disorders among electrical industrial workers in Isfahan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ MSc, Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

² Associate professor, Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

³ Assistant professor, Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

⁴ Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/sshr.2023.360897.1096

Abstract

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorder is the most important occupational disease that threatens the health of employees.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between workers' posture and musculoskeletal disorders.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-two male and female workers working in a home appliance factory participated in this cross-sectional study. Musculoskeletal disorders were investigated using Nordic questionnaires. Posture evaluation was performed to measure the angles of forward head, rounded shoulders, and thoracic kyphosis using photogrammetry. Craniovertebral, shoulder, and thoracic kyphosis angles were photographed during the work and then measured using ImageJ software. Data analysis was done using SPSS 26 and Spearman's correlation test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: A significant relationship between the craniovertebral angle and musculoskeletal disorders in the last twelve months was observed in the cervical region (P<0.001). Also, a significant relationship was observed between the kyphosis angle and musculoskeletal disorders in the last twelve months in the upper back and lower back (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that the workers’ posture during work is correlated with the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, it is suggested to pay attention to ergonomic principles during work to maintain and improve the physical health of workers.

Keywords

References

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[20] Ruivo R, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita A. (Eds). "Relationships between sagitall postures of cervical spine and shoulder and presence of neck and shoulder pain in adolescents". Conference of icSports Congress. Portugal. 19-21 September 2013.

[21] Lewis JS, Wright C, Green A. "Subacromial impingement syndrome: the effect of changing posture on shoulder range of movement". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005; 35(2): 72-87.

[22] Saad KR, Colombo AS, João SMA. "Reliability and validity of the photogrammetry for scoliosis evaluation: a cross-sectional prospective study". Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2009; 32(6): 423-30.

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[25] Thigpen CA, Padua DA, Michener LA, Guskiewicz K, Giuliani C, Keener JD, et al. "Head and shoulder posture affect scapular mechanics and muscle activity in overhead tasks". Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2010; 20(4): 701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.12.003.

[26] Cagnie B, Danneels L, Van Tiggelen D, De Loose V, Cambier D. "Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office workers: A cross sectional study". European Spine Journal. 2007; 16: 679-86.

[27] Lee HJ. "Neck pain and functioning in daily activities associated with smartphone usage". The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2016; 28(3): 183-8. doi: 10.18857/jkpt.2016.28.3.183.

[28] Vieira FT, Faria LM, Wittmann JI, Teixeira W, Nogueira LA. "The influence of Pilates method in quality of life of practitioners". J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013; 17(4): 483-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006. Epub 2013 May 2. PMID: 24139007.

[29] Kang JH, Park RY, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoon SR, Jung KI. "The effect of the forward head posture on postural balance in long time computer based worker". Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2012; 36(1): 98-104. doi: 10.5535/arm.2012.36.1.98.

[30] Bint-E, Siddiq MA. Mechanical Characterisation and Computational Modelling of Spinal Ligaments. The University of Leeds; 2019.

[31] Kim MK, Lee JC, Yoo KT. "The effects of shoulder stabilization exercises and thoracic minor stretching on balance and maximal shoulder muscle strength of healthy young adults with round shoulder posture". Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2018; 30(3): 373-80. doi: 10.1589/jpts.30.373.

[32] Stemper BD, Corner BD. "Whiplash-associated disorders: occupant kinematics and neck morphology". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2016; 46(10): 834-44. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2016.6846.

[33] Muscolino J. "Upper crossed syndrome". Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society. 2015; 21(2). doi: 10.3316/informit.268356182476327.

[34] Kibler WB, Chandler TJ, Stracener ES. "Musculoskeletal adaptations and injuries due to overtraining". Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 1992; 20(1): 99-126.

[35] Neupane S, Ali U, Mathew A. "Text neck syndrome-systematic review". Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2017; 3(7): 141-8. doi: 10.5644/ama2006-124.380. PMID: 36318004; PMCID: PMC9982850.

[36] Valachi B, Valachi K. "Preventing musculoskeletal disorders in clinical dentistry: strategies to address the mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders". The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003; 134(12): 1604-12.

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The relationship between working posture and musculoskeletal disorders among electrical industrial workers in Isfahan

References

[2] Costa G, Haus E, Stevens R. "Shift work and cancer-considerations on rationale, mechanisms, and epidemiology". Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 2010; 36(2): 163-79. Epub 2010/02/04. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2899. PubMed PMID: 20126969.

[6] Kumar P, Chakrabarti D, Patel T, Chowdhuri A. "Work-related pains among the workers associated with pineapple peeling in small fruit processing units of North East India". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2016; 53: 124-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2015.11.006.

[7] Souza ITG, Buski CRB, Batiz EC, Hurtado ALB. "Ergonomic analysis of a clothing design station". Procedia Manufacturing. 2015; 3: 4362-9. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.432.

[8] Huang GD, Feuerstein M, Sauter SL. "Occupational stress and work‐related upper extremity disorders: Concepts and models". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2002; 41(5): 298-314.

[9] Kaya Ö. "Design of work place and ergonomics in garment enterprises". Procedia Manufacturing. 2015; 3: 6437-43. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.921.

[10] Theorell T, Hammarström A, Aronsson G, Träskman Bendz L, Grape T, Hogstedt C, et al. "A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and depressive symptoms". BMC Public Health. 2015; 15(1): 1-14. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1954-4.

[11] Thetkathuek A, Meepradit P, Sa-Ngiamsak T. "A cross-sectional study of musculoskeletal symptoms and risk factors in Cambodian fruit farm workers in eastern region, Thailand". Safety and Health at Work. 2018; 9(2): 192-202. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.009.

[12] Porter JM, Gyi D. "The prevalence of musculoskeletal troubles among car drivers". Occupational Medicine. 2002; 52(1): 4-12.

[13] Shuval K, Donchin M. "Prevalence of upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risk factors at a Hi-Tech company in Israel". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2005; 35(6): 569-81.

[14] Mavrovounis G, Meling TR, Lafuente J, Fountas KN, Demetriades AK. "Postural ergonomics and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in neurosurgery". Lessons from an International Survey. 2021; 163(6): 1541-52. doi: 10.1007/s00701-021-04722-5. PubMed PMID: 33594483.

[17] Singla D, Veqar Z, Hussain ME. "Photogrammetric assessment of upper body posture using postural angles: a literature review". Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2017; 16(2): 131-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2017.01.005.

[18] Hürer C, Angın E, Tüzün EH. "Effectiveness of clinical pilates and home exercises in sagittal cervical disorientation: Randomized controlled study". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 2021; 10(5): 365-80. doi: 10.2217/cer-2020-0186. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

[19] van Niekerk SM, Louw Q, Vaughan C, Grimmer-Somers K, Schreve K. "Photographic measurement of upper-body sitting posture of high school students: a reliability and validity study". BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2008; 9(1): 1-11.

[20] Ruivo R, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita A. (Eds). "Relationships between sagitall postures of cervical spine and shoulder and presence of neck and shoulder pain in adolescents". Conference of icSports Congress. Portugal. 19-21 September 2013.

[21] Lewis JS, Wright C, Green A. "Subacromial impingement syndrome: the effect of changing posture on shoulder range of movement". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005; 35(2): 72-87.

[22] Saad KR, Colombo AS, João SMA. "Reliability and validity of the photogrammetry for scoliosis evaluation: a cross-sectional prospective study". Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2009; 32(6): 423-30.

[23] Dworkin B, Miller NE, Dworkin S, Birbaumer N, Brines ML, Jonas S, et al. "Behavioral method for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1985; 82(8): 2493-7.

[24] Kreuzfeld S, Seibt R, Kumar M, Rieger A, Stoll R. "German version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ): Translation and validation". Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology. 2016; 11:1-12. doi: 10.1186/s12995-016-0100-2.

[25] Thigpen CA, Padua DA, Michener LA, Guskiewicz K, Giuliani C, Keener JD, et al. "Head and shoulder posture affect scapular mechanics and muscle activity in overhead tasks". Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2010; 20(4): 701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.12.003.

[26] Cagnie B, Danneels L, Van Tiggelen D, De Loose V, Cambier D. "Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office workers: A cross sectional study". European Spine Journal. 2007; 16: 679-86.

[27] Lee HJ. "Neck pain and functioning in daily activities associated with smartphone usage". The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2016; 28(3): 183-8. doi: 10.18857/jkpt.2016.28.3.183.

[28] Vieira FT, Faria LM, Wittmann JI, Teixeira W, Nogueira LA. "The influence of Pilates method in quality of life of practitioners". J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013; 17(4): 483-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006. Epub 2013 May 2. PMID: 24139007.

[29] Kang JH, Park RY, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoon SR, Jung KI. "The effect of the forward head posture on postural balance in long time computer based worker". Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2012; 36(1): 98-104. doi: 10.5535/arm.2012.36.1.98.

[30] Bint-E, Siddiq MA. Mechanical Characterisation and Computational Modelling of Spinal Ligaments. The University of Leeds; 2019.

[31] Kim MK, Lee JC, Yoo KT. "The effects of shoulder stabilization exercises and thoracic minor stretching on balance and maximal shoulder muscle strength of healthy young adults with round shoulder posture". Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2018; 30(3): 373-80. doi: 10.1589/jpts.30.373.

[32] Stemper BD, Corner BD. "Whiplash-associated disorders: occupant kinematics and neck morphology". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2016; 46(10): 834-44. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2016.6846.

[33] Muscolino J. "Upper crossed syndrome". Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society. 2015; 21(2). doi: 10.3316/informit.268356182476327.

[34] Kibler WB, Chandler TJ, Stracener ES. "Musculoskeletal adaptations and injuries due to overtraining". Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 1992; 20(1): 99-126.

[35] Neupane S, Ali U, Mathew A. "Text neck syndrome-systematic review". Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2017; 3(7): 141-8. doi: 10.5644/ama2006-124.380. PMID: 36318004; PMCID: PMC9982850.

[36] Valachi B, Valachi K. "Preventing musculoskeletal disorders in clinical dentistry: strategies to address the mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders". The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003; 134(12): 1604-12.

Volume 15, Issue 1
January 2023
Pages 127-136

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The relationship between working posture and musculoskeletal disorders among electrical industrial workers in Isfahan

References

[2] Costa G, Haus E, Stevens R. "Shift work and cancer-considerations on rationale, mechanisms, and epidemiology". Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 2010; 36(2): 163-79. Epub 2010/02/04. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2899. PubMed PMID: 20126969.

[6] Kumar P, Chakrabarti D, Patel T, Chowdhuri A. "Work-related pains among the workers associated with pineapple peeling in small fruit processing units of North East India". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2016; 53: 124-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2015.11.006.

[7] Souza ITG, Buski CRB, Batiz EC, Hurtado ALB. "Ergonomic analysis of a clothing design station". Procedia Manufacturing. 2015; 3: 4362-9. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.432.

[8] Huang GD, Feuerstein M, Sauter SL. "Occupational stress and work‐related upper extremity disorders: Concepts and models". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2002; 41(5): 298-314.

[9] Kaya Ö. "Design of work place and ergonomics in garment enterprises". Procedia Manufacturing. 2015; 3: 6437-43. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.921.

[10] Theorell T, Hammarström A, Aronsson G, Träskman Bendz L, Grape T, Hogstedt C, et al. "A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and depressive symptoms". BMC Public Health. 2015; 15(1): 1-14. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1954-4.

[11] Thetkathuek A, Meepradit P, Sa-Ngiamsak T. "A cross-sectional study of musculoskeletal symptoms and risk factors in Cambodian fruit farm workers in eastern region, Thailand". Safety and Health at Work. 2018; 9(2): 192-202. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.009.

[12] Porter JM, Gyi D. "The prevalence of musculoskeletal troubles among car drivers". Occupational Medicine. 2002; 52(1): 4-12.

[13] Shuval K, Donchin M. "Prevalence of upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risk factors at a Hi-Tech company in Israel". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2005; 35(6): 569-81.

[14] Mavrovounis G, Meling TR, Lafuente J, Fountas KN, Demetriades AK. "Postural ergonomics and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in neurosurgery". Lessons from an International Survey. 2021; 163(6): 1541-52. doi: 10.1007/s00701-021-04722-5. PubMed PMID: 33594483.

[17] Singla D, Veqar Z, Hussain ME. "Photogrammetric assessment of upper body posture using postural angles: a literature review". Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2017; 16(2): 131-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2017.01.005.

[18] Hürer C, Angın E, Tüzün EH. "Effectiveness of clinical pilates and home exercises in sagittal cervical disorientation: Randomized controlled study". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 2021; 10(5): 365-80. doi: 10.2217/cer-2020-0186. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

[19] van Niekerk SM, Louw Q, Vaughan C, Grimmer-Somers K, Schreve K. "Photographic measurement of upper-body sitting posture of high school students: a reliability and validity study". BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2008; 9(1): 1-11.

[20] Ruivo R, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita A. (Eds). "Relationships between sagitall postures of cervical spine and shoulder and presence of neck and shoulder pain in adolescents". Conference of icSports Congress. Portugal. 19-21 September 2013.

[21] Lewis JS, Wright C, Green A. "Subacromial impingement syndrome: the effect of changing posture on shoulder range of movement". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005; 35(2): 72-87.

[22] Saad KR, Colombo AS, João SMA. "Reliability and validity of the photogrammetry for scoliosis evaluation: a cross-sectional prospective study". Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2009; 32(6): 423-30.

[23] Dworkin B, Miller NE, Dworkin S, Birbaumer N, Brines ML, Jonas S, et al. "Behavioral method for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1985; 82(8): 2493-7.

[24] Kreuzfeld S, Seibt R, Kumar M, Rieger A, Stoll R. "German version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ): Translation and validation". Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology. 2016; 11:1-12. doi: 10.1186/s12995-016-0100-2.

[25] Thigpen CA, Padua DA, Michener LA, Guskiewicz K, Giuliani C, Keener JD, et al. "Head and shoulder posture affect scapular mechanics and muscle activity in overhead tasks". Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2010; 20(4): 701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.12.003.

[26] Cagnie B, Danneels L, Van Tiggelen D, De Loose V, Cambier D. "Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office workers: A cross sectional study". European Spine Journal. 2007; 16: 679-86.

[27] Lee HJ. "Neck pain and functioning in daily activities associated with smartphone usage". The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2016; 28(3): 183-8. doi: 10.18857/jkpt.2016.28.3.183.

[28] Vieira FT, Faria LM, Wittmann JI, Teixeira W, Nogueira LA. "The influence of Pilates method in quality of life of practitioners". J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013; 17(4): 483-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006. Epub 2013 May 2. PMID: 24139007.

[29] Kang JH, Park RY, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Yoon SR, Jung KI. "The effect of the forward head posture on postural balance in long time computer based worker". Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2012; 36(1): 98-104. doi: 10.5535/arm.2012.36.1.98.

[30] Bint-E, Siddiq MA. Mechanical Characterisation and Computational Modelling of Spinal Ligaments. The University of Leeds; 2019.

[31] Kim MK, Lee JC, Yoo KT. "The effects of shoulder stabilization exercises and thoracic minor stretching on balance and maximal shoulder muscle strength of healthy young adults with round shoulder posture". Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2018; 30(3): 373-80. doi: 10.1589/jpts.30.373.

[32] Stemper BD, Corner BD. "Whiplash-associated disorders: occupant kinematics and neck morphology". Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2016; 46(10): 834-44. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2016.6846.

[33] Muscolino J. "Upper crossed syndrome". Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society. 2015; 21(2). doi: 10.3316/informit.268356182476327.

[34] Kibler WB, Chandler TJ, Stracener ES. "Musculoskeletal adaptations and injuries due to overtraining". Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 1992; 20(1): 99-126.

[35] Neupane S, Ali U, Mathew A. "Text neck syndrome-systematic review". Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2017; 3(7): 141-8. doi: 10.5644/ama2006-124.380. PMID: 36318004; PMCID: PMC9982850.

[36] Valachi B, Valachi K. "Preventing musculoskeletal disorders in clinical dentistry: strategies to address the mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders". The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003; 134(12): 1604-12.

Volume 15, Issue 1January 2023Pages 127-136

Files

Share

How to cite

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Volume 15, Issue 1
January 2023
Pages 127-136