Background: Aging is associated with increased inflammation and reduced antioxidant capacity, processes that contribute to skeletal muscle dysfunction. Interventions such as exercise training and bioactive compounds like capsaicin have shown anti inflammatory and antioxidant effects, but their combined impact on aging muscle remains unclear.Objective: This study examined the effects of swimming exercise, capsaicin supplementation, and their combination on inflammatory and antioxidant markers (IL 10, IL 1β, and SOD activity) in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of aged male rats.Methods: Aged Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control, capsaicin supplementation, exercise training, and exercise plus capsaicin. Interventions lasted 10 weeks. IL 10 and IL 1β levels and SOD activity was determined. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.Results: The combined intervention produced the strongest effect, showing higher IL 10 levels, lower IL 1β concentrations, and greater SOD activity compared with the single intervention groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Both exercise and capsaicin improved inflammatory balance and antioxidant capacity in EDL muscle of aged rats. These findings suggest that combining exercise with nutritional compounds may provide an effective strategy to attenuate age related inflammation and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle.