The effect of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on youth soccer players performance (systematic review)

Moeini, Fatemeh; Tadbiri, Nima; Ahmadi, Azam; Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad; Ranjbar, Kia

doi:10.22059/sshr.2025.381377.1158

The effect of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on youth soccer players performance (systematic review)

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

¹ Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

² Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/sshr.2025.381377.1158

Abstract

Background: The FIFA 11+ program has been shown to be effective in improving physical fitness factors and preventing injuries in soccer players.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to review the effect of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on youth soccer players’ performance.
Materials and Methods: Relevant articles were searched in Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, and Google Scholar using the keywords "FIFA 11+", "performance", and "youth". The search yielded 32 articles, of which 14 were shortlisted, and ultimately, four were selected for review.
Results: The reviewed articles have indicated that the FIFA 11+ program results in a significant improvement in various performance factors (P < 0.05). These studies demonstrated that the FIFA 11+ program enhances stability, knee flexor muscle strength, sprint performance, agility, Slalom Dribbling, and flexibility. However, no significant improvements were observed in long jump, vertical jump, VO2max, balance, and lower extremity range of motion.
Conclusion: Studies suggest that the FIFA 11+ warm-up program is more effective than conventional warm-ups in enhancing performance. Therefore, based on the literature reviewed, the FIFA 11+ program is recommended to enhance muscle strength, flexibility, and agility, thereby reducing injury risk in youth football players.

Keywords

References

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[2] Patel J, Mangal R, Stead T, Barbera A, Ganti L. "Injury types and training habits among soccer (football) athletes". Orthopedic Reviews. 2023; 15. https://doi.org/10.52965/001c.74883.

[3] Akbari H, Sahebozamani M, Daneshjoo A, Amiri-Khorasani M. "Effect of the FIFA 11+ programme on vertical jump performance in elite male youth soccer players". Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2018; 7(2). https://doi.org/10.26773/mjssm.180903.

[4] Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wisløff U. "Physiology of soccer: an update". Sports Medicine. 2005; 35: 501-36. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535060-00004.

[5] Krustrup P, Aagaard P, Nybo L, Petersen J, Mohr M, Bangsbo J. "Recreational football as a health promoting activity: A topical review". Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2010; 20: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01108.x.

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[8] Zarei M, Namazi P, Abbasi H, Noruzyan M, Mahmoodzade S, Seifbarghi T. "The effect of ten-week FIFA 11+ injury prevention program for kids on performance and fitness of adolescent soccer players". Asian Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018; 9(3). http://dx.doi.org/%2010.5812/asjsm.61013.

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[25] Eslami A, Sahebozamani M, Bahiraei S. "The effect of the FIFA 11+ kids Warm-up training program on lower limb injury prevention and football player performance (a systematic review)". Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2023; 9(1): 2-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/JSportBiomech.9.1.2.

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[30] Foqha BM, Schwesig R, Ltifi MA, Bartels T, Hermassi S, Aouadi R. "A 10-week FIFA 11+ program improves the short-sprint and modified agility T-test performance in elite seven-a-side soccer players". Frontiers in Physiology. 2023; 14: 1236223. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1236223.

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[32] Sumartiningsih S, Risdiyanto A, Yusof A, Rahayu S, Handoyo E, Puspita MA, et al. "The FIFA 11+ for kids warm-up program improved balance and leg muscle strength in children (9–12 years old)". Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2022; 22(12): 3122-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12395.

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[35] Lotia K, Vyas S, Sheth M. "The effects of FIFA11+ warm up program on core endurance, sprint performance and balance in under-21 football players". International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health. 2023; 10(2): 170-5. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2023.v10.i2c.2851.

[36] Asgari M, Alizadeh MH, Shahrbanian S, Nolte K, Jaitner T. "Effects of the FIFA 11+ and a modified warm-up programme on injury prevention and performance improvement among youth male football players". PloS one. 2022; 17(10): e0275545. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275545.

[37] Parsons JL, Carswell J, Nwoba IM, Stenberg H. "Athlete perceptions and physical performance effects of the fifa 11+ program in 9-11 year-old female soccer players: a cluster randomized trial". International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 2019; 14(5): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20190740.

[38] Silva JRLdC, Silva JFd, Salvador PCdN, Freitas CdlR. "The effect of “FIFA 11+” on vertical jump performance in soccer players". Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. 2015; 17: 733-41.

[39] Daneshjoo A, Mokhtar AH, Rahnama N, Yusof A. "Effects of the 11+ and Harmoknee warm-up programs on physical performance measures in professional soccer players". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2013; 12(3): 489. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24149156/.

[40] Gioftsidou A, Arsenis S, Ispyrlidis I, Pafis G, Barbas I, Malliou P, Beneka A. "The effects of FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on lower limbs strength and balance". Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2020; 20(2): 592-8. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02087.

[41] Rössler R, Donath L, Bizzini M, Faude O. "A new injury prevention programme for children’s football–FIFA 11+ Kids–can improve motor performance: a cluster-randomised controlled trial". Journal of Sports Sciences. 2016; 34(6): 549-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1099715.

[42] Daneshjoo A, Rahnama N, Mokhtar AH, Yusof A. "Bilateral and unilateral asymmetries of isokinetic strength and flexibility in male young professional soccer players". Journal of Human Kinetics. 2013; 36(1): 45-53. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0005.

[43] Sale DG. "Neural adaptation to resistance training". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 1988; 20(5 Suppl): S135-45. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198810001-00009.

[44] Whittaker JL, Emery CA. "Impact of the FIFA 11þ on the structure of select muscles in adolescent female soccer players". Physical Therapy in Sport. 2014; 30: 1e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.10.007.

[45] Dauty M, Menu P, Fouasson-Chailloux A, Ferréol S, Dubois C. "Prediction of hamstring injury in professional soccer players by isokinetic measurements". Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal. 2016; 6(1): 116. https://doi.org/10.11138/mltj/2016.6.1.116.

[46] Brito J, Figueiredo P, Fernandes L, Seabra A, Soares JM, Krustrup P, Rebelo A. "Isokinetic strength effects of FIFA's" The 11+" injury prevention training programme". Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 2010; 18(4): 211-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/IES-2010-0386.

[47] Peek K, Gatherer D, Bennett KJ, Fransen J, Watsford M. "Muscle strength characteristics of the hamstrings and quadriceps in players from a high-level youth football (soccer) academy". Research in Sports Medicine. 2018; 26(3): 276-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1447475.

[48] Chamari Ka, Hachana Y, Ahmed Y, Galy O, Sghaier F, Chatard J, et al. "Field and laboratory testing in young elite soccer players". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004; 38(2): 191-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2002.004374.

[49] Ayala F, Pomares-Noguera C, Robles-Palazón FJ, Del Pilar Garcia-Vaquero M, Ruiz-Pérez I, Hernández-Sánchez S, Croix MDS. "Training effects of the FIFA 11+ and harmoknee on several neuromuscular parameters of physical performance measures". International Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017; 38(04): 278-89. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-121260.

[50] Nawed A, Khan IA, Jalwan J, Nuhmani S, Muaidi QI. "Efficacy of FIFA 11+ training program on functional performance in amateur male soccer players". Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2018; 31(5): 867-70. https://doi.org/10.3233/bmr-171034.

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The effect of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on youth soccer players performance (systematic review)

References

[1] Arliani GG, Belangero PS, Runco JL, Cohen M. "The Brazilian Football Association (CBF) model for epidemiological studies on professional soccer player injuries". Clinics. 2011; 66(10): 1707-12. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1807-59322011001000007.

[2] Patel J, Mangal R, Stead T, Barbera A, Ganti L. "Injury types and training habits among soccer (football) athletes". Orthopedic Reviews. 2023; 15. https://doi.org/10.52965/001c.74883.

[3] Akbari H, Sahebozamani M, Daneshjoo A, Amiri-Khorasani M. "Effect of the FIFA 11+ programme on vertical jump performance in elite male youth soccer players". Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2018; 7(2). https://doi.org/10.26773/mjssm.180903.

[4] Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wisløff U. "Physiology of soccer: an update". Sports Medicine. 2005; 35: 501-36. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535060-00004.

[5] Krustrup P, Aagaard P, Nybo L, Petersen J, Mohr M, Bangsbo J. "Recreational football as a health promoting activity: A topical review". Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2010; 20: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01108.x.

[7] Majewski M, Susanne H, Klaus S. "Epidemiology of athletic knee injuries: A 10-year study". The Knee. 2006; 13(3): 184-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2006.01.005.

[8] Zarei M, Namazi P, Abbasi H, Noruzyan M, Mahmoodzade S, Seifbarghi T. "The effect of ten-week FIFA 11+ injury prevention program for kids on performance and fitness of adolescent soccer players". Asian Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018; 9(3). http://dx.doi.org/%2010.5812/asjsm.61013.

[9] Bizzini M, Dvorak J. "FIFA 11+: an effective programme to prevent football injuries in various player groups worldwide—a narrative review". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015; 49(9): 577-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094765.

[10] Impellizzeri FM, Bizzini M, Dvorak J, Pellegrini B, Schena F, Junge A. "Physiological and performance responses to the FIFA 11+(part 2): A randomised controlled trial on the training effects". Journal of Sports Sciences. 2013; 31(13): 1491-502. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.802926.

[11] Vlachas T, Paraskevopoulos E. "The Effect of the FIFA 11+ on Injury Prevention and Performance in Football: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis". BioMed. 2022; 2(3): 328-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomed2030026.

[12] Yalfani A, Saki F, Taghizadeh Kerman M. "The effects of the FIFA 11+ and 11+ Kids training on injury prevention in preadolescent football players: A systematic review". Annals of Applied Sport Science. 2020; 8(4). http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/aassjournal.832.

[13] Trajković N, Gušić M, Molnar S, Mačak D, Madić DM, Bogataj Š. "Short-term FIFA 11+ improves agility and jump performance in young soccer players". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(6): 2017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062017.

[14] Anam K, Sumartiningsih S, Permana DFW, Nurfadhila R, Aditia EA. "FIFA 11+ kids can increase muscle strength: A 12 weeks treatment". Jurnal SPORTIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran. 2022; 8(2): 189-200. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v8i2.18059.

[16] Zhou X, Luo A, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Zha Y, Wang S, et al. "The effect of fifa 11+ on the isometric strength and running ability of young soccer players". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20): 13186. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013186.

[17] Kilding AE, Tunstall H, Kuzmic D. "Suitability of FIFA’s “The 11” training programme for young football players–impact on physical performance". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2008; 7(3): 320. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3761904/.

[19] Lopes M, Simões D, Rodrigues JM, Costa R, Oliveira J, Ribeiro F. "The FIFA 11+ does not alter physical performance of amateur futsal players". The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2018; 59(5): 743-51. https://doi.org/10.23736/s00224707.18.08532-8.

[20] Gatterer H, Lorenzi D, Ruedl G, Burtscher M. "The “FIFA 11+” injury prevention program improves body stability in child (10 year old) soccer players". Biology of Sport. 2018; 35(2): 153-8. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.71604.

[23] Pomares-Noguera C, Ayala F, Robles-Palazón FJ, Alomoto-Burneo JF, López-Valenciano A, Elvira JLL, et al. "Training effects of the FIFA 11+ kids on physical performance in youth football players: A randomized control trial". Front Pediatr. 2018; 6: 40. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00040.

[24] Sadigursky D, Braid JA, De Lira DNL, Machado BAB, Carneiro RJF, Colavolpe PO. "The FIFA 11+ injury prevention program for soccer players: a systematic review". BMC sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2017; 9: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-017-0083-z.

[25] Eslami A, Sahebozamani M, Bahiraei S. "The effect of the FIFA 11+ kids Warm-up training program on lower limb injury prevention and football player performance (a systematic review)". Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2023; 9(1): 2-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/JSportBiomech.9.1.2.

[30] Foqha BM, Schwesig R, Ltifi MA, Bartels T, Hermassi S, Aouadi R. "A 10-week FIFA 11+ program improves the short-sprint and modified agility T-test performance in elite seven-a-side soccer players". Frontiers in Physiology. 2023; 14: 1236223. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1236223.

[31] Rohmansyah NA, Hiruntrakul A. "Training effects of the FIFA 11+ Kids on BMI, VO2max, hs-CRP, and lipid profiles in obese children". International Journal of Child & Adolescent Health. 2020; 13(1).

[34] Liu R, Liu J, Ma X, Li Q, An R. "Effect of FIFA 11+ intervention on change of direction performance in soccer and futsal players: A systematic review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 2021; 16(3): 862-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954121991667.

[35] Lotia K, Vyas S, Sheth M. "The effects of FIFA11+ warm up program on core endurance, sprint performance and balance in under-21 football players". International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health. 2023; 10(2): 170-5. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2023.v10.i2c.2851.

[36] Asgari M, Alizadeh MH, Shahrbanian S, Nolte K, Jaitner T. "Effects of the FIFA 11+ and a modified warm-up programme on injury prevention and performance improvement among youth male football players". PloS one. 2022; 17(10): e0275545. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275545.

[38] Silva JRLdC, Silva JFd, Salvador PCdN, Freitas CdlR. "The effect of “FIFA 11+” on vertical jump performance in soccer players". Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano. 2015; 17: 733-41.

[39] Daneshjoo A, Mokhtar AH, Rahnama N, Yusof A. "Effects of the 11+ and Harmoknee warm-up programs on physical performance measures in professional soccer players". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2013; 12(3): 489. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24149156/.

[40] Gioftsidou A, Arsenis S, Ispyrlidis I, Pafis G, Barbas I, Malliou P, Beneka A. "The effects of FIFA 11+ injury prevention program on lower limbs strength and balance". Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2020; 20(2): 592-8. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02087.

[41] Rössler R, Donath L, Bizzini M, Faude O. "A new injury prevention programme for children’s football–FIFA 11+ Kids–can improve motor performance: a cluster-randomised controlled trial". Journal of Sports Sciences. 2016; 34(6): 549-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1099715.

[42] Daneshjoo A, Rahnama N, Mokhtar AH, Yusof A. "Bilateral and unilateral asymmetries of isokinetic strength and flexibility in male young professional soccer players". Journal of Human Kinetics. 2013; 36(1): 45-53. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0005.

[43] Sale DG. "Neural adaptation to resistance training". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 1988; 20(5 Suppl): S135-45. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198810001-00009.

[44] Whittaker JL, Emery CA. "Impact of the FIFA 11þ on the structure of select muscles in adolescent female soccer players". Physical Therapy in Sport. 2014; 30: 1e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.10.007.

[45] Dauty M, Menu P, Fouasson-Chailloux A, Ferréol S, Dubois C. "Prediction of hamstring injury in professional soccer players by isokinetic measurements". Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal. 2016; 6(1): 116. https://doi.org/10.11138/mltj/2016.6.1.116.

[46] Brito J, Figueiredo P, Fernandes L, Seabra A, Soares JM, Krustrup P, Rebelo A. "Isokinetic strength effects of FIFA's" The 11+" injury prevention training programme". Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 2010; 18(4): 211-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/IES-2010-0386.

[47] Peek K, Gatherer D, Bennett KJ, Fransen J, Watsford M. "Muscle strength characteristics of the hamstrings and quadriceps in players from a high-level youth football (soccer) academy". Research in Sports Medicine. 2018; 26(3): 276-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1447475.

[48] Chamari Ka, Hachana Y, Ahmed Y, Galy O, Sghaier F, Chatard J, et al. "Field and laboratory testing in young elite soccer players". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004; 38(2): 191-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2002.004374.

[50] Nawed A, Khan IA, Jalwan J, Nuhmani S, Muaidi QI. "Efficacy of FIFA 11+ training program on functional performance in amateur male soccer players". Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2018; 31(5): 867-70. https://doi.org/10.3233/bmr-171034.

[51] Hwang J, Kim J, Hwang J, Kim J. "Effect of FIFA 11+ training program on soccer-specific physical performance and functional movement in collegiate male soccer players: A randomized controlled trial". Exercise Science. 2019; 28(2): 141-9. https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2019.28.2.141.

Volume 17, Issue 1January 2025Pages 137-152

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[31] Rohmansyah NA, Hiruntrakul A. "Training effects of the FIFA 11+ Kids on BMI, VO₂max, hs-CRP, and lipid profiles in obese children". International Journal of Child & Adolescent Health. 2020; 13(1).

Volume 17, Issue 1
January 2025
Pages 137-152