University of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Assessing Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Stressors among Parents in Youth Sport Survey (SPYSS)1209969410.22059/sshr.2024.376523.1138ENAlirezaZamani NukaabadiAssistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-1350-1504AhmadMahmoudiAssistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7579-2274Journal Article20240514Parenting stress refers to the distress or discomfort experienced due to the demands associated with parenting roles. Tamminen et al. (2024) developed the Stressors among Parents in Youth Sport Survey (SPYSS) to measure stress among parents of youth athletes. This study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version of SPYSS in Iran. A random sample of 384 parents was selected. The questionnaire was translated into Persian and underwent several stages of revision. Content validity was evaluated, followed by confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity assessment. Composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha were employed to assess reliability. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the presence of ten factors with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index of 0.949. Cronbach's alpha indicated high reliability with combined values of 0.961 and 0.951. Given the optimal validity and reliability indicators, the Persian version of SPYSS can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for measuring parenting stress in the context of youth sports. Two component include time spent on my child’s sport impacting my social life (sport-life conflict) and Wanting my child to succeed and/or win (athlete’s performance) weren't approvedhttps://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_99694_b5e4fd4434fcc953cf86046e3de4f760.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Optimizing Female Rock Climbing Performance Using Royal Jelly Along with Strength213210857910.22059/sshr.2025.388401.1179ENSanazDastamouzPhD student, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran0009-0006-0958-4649Ali AsgharRavasiFaculty of Physical Education and Sport SciencesSaeedNaghibiDepartment of Physical Education, Payame Noor University, Karaj, IranJournal Article20250211Including rock climbing in the Olympic has led to the development of research in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Royal Jelly (RJ) on the physical strength and endurance of female rock climbers in an eight-week training program. Twenty-four female rock climbers (30 ± 5 years) were randomized into three groups: an exercise training, a combined (exercise-supplement) training, and a control. The training program was conducted three times a week for eight weeks. The handgrip strength, fatigue index, power index, and athlete’s endurance were determined using a dynamometer device, RAST test, vertical Sargent jump test, and traverse time on 45 degrees slope wall were evaluated athlete’s performance during pre-posttests. The results showed that the handgrip power test (right hand) improved in the combined group in comparison to exercise and control group. In addition, the results of RAST fatigue test were significantly better in combined group comparison to control and exercise group. The outcomes of RAST power test however, indicated a significant improvement in combined and exercise group in comparison to control group. According to the results of the present investigation, the RJ had a significant positive impact on the performance of rock climbers.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108579_c44b034dab0ecc0d163f3c01e388f8aa.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101The Effect of Virtual Reality Exercises on Balance and Strength of Selected Lower Limb Muscles in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder334310858010.22059/sshr.2025.394857.1191ENMajidNikraveshMaster's student in adapted physical education , Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0009-0000-7157-0754MohammadKarimizadehAssociate professor in Department of biomechanic & Sport Injuries , Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1433-0177YousefMoghadas TabriziAssociate professor in Department of biomechanic & Sport Injuries , Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-4434-9082MiladSabziMaster of adapted physical education, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0009-0009-9396-0628Journal Article20250513Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent developmental disorder in children, often linked to balance impairments and muscle strength deficits. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of six weeks of virtual reality (VR) exercises on static balance, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle strength in 8- to 12-year-old children with ADHD. In this quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, 30 boys with ADHD from pediatric psychiatry clinics in Tehran were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group performed VR exercises using the Nintendo Wii Fit Plus console for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each lasting 25–30 minutes. Static balance was measured with the Modified Stork Test, dynamic balance with the Y-Balance Test, and muscle strength (quadriceps, hamstrings, dorsiflexors, plantar flexors) with a handheld dynamometer. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA (phttps://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108580_47f0bed2c5488397bbd4e1e930e7fa1d.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Self-talk and Goal-setting Combination Enhancing Learning the Badminton Long Serve Skill445610858110.22059/sshr.2025.395187.1194ENSayed KavosSalehiAssistant professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-2811-0757FarzanehHatamiAssociated professor, Department of motor behavior, Faculty of Sport Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-3493-5966SomayehNaseriM.Sc., Department of motor behavior, Faculty of Sport Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-9294-6842Journal Article20250529Background Self-talk and goal setting facilitate learning sports skills and athletes’ performance; however, the practical use of these strategies, especially in combination, remains limited. <br />
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the combination of self-talk and goal-setting on the acquisition and retention of badminton long serve skill.<br />
Martials and Methods: Forty-eight female high school students (15–18 years) were purposefully selected and divided into four equal groups (instructional self-talk, performance goal-setting, combined, and control) based on pre-test scores. The training included 4 sessions (every other day) with 30 trials each. One-way ANOVA and repeated-measures two-way ANOVA were used to compare group performances across stages. <br />
Results: Findings showed that all groups improved significantly during acquisition, but their progress differed: the combined group outperformed the control from the second session, and the self-talk group showed significant gains over the control in the third and fourth sessions. In retention, only the combined group performed significantly better than the control, with no significant differences among the other groups. <br />
Conclusion: The results support the effectiveness of self-talk and goal-setting combination in the performance of perceptual motor skills. Therefore, coaches recommended to use this interactive method.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108581_9eeca18895ed5c303dafc8e03c9bee83.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101The effect of eight weeks of yoga training at two different intensities on the risk of coronary artery disease and thrombosis indices in women with type 2 diabetes576910858210.22059/sshr.2025.394059.1188ENSanazSalahpourDepartment of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.0009-0002-1055-9062MostafaKhaniDepartment of exercise physiology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran0000-0003-3376-9513SaeedDabagh NikukheslatDepartment of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Tabriz University, Tabriz, IranParvinDehghan2. Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20250511Background: Diabetes, a top global cause of death, often leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise, including yoga, helps manage and prevent metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes complications.<br />
<br />
Aim: This study investigated the effects of 24 yoga sessions (eight weeks, two intensities) on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk and thrombosis in women with type 2 diabetes.<br />
<br />
Methods: Thirty sedentary women with type 2 diabetes (mean age: 55.83 ± 6.58 years; BMI: 27.61 ± 4.57 kg/m²) were randomized into Hatha yoga, ultimate fitness yoga, or control groups. Intervention groups practiced one-hour yoga sessions thrice weekly for eight weeks. Anthropometric variables, body composition, Framingham risk, glycemic indices, lipid profiles, and D-dimer levels were measured pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA via SPSS (version 26).<br />
<br />
Results: Ultimate fitness yoga significantly reduced both Framingham index and D-dimer levels versus control (p < 0.005). Hatha yoga also significantly reduced D-dimer levels (p < 0.005) but not the Framingham index compared to control.<br />
<br />
Conclusion: An eight-week yoga intervention reduced CAD risk and thrombosis in women with type 2 diabetes. Ultimate fitness yoga showed superior cardiovascular risk improvements over both control and Hatha yoga.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108582_f1f0b0c1ae40c33efa90716c8633f05b.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Rinse and Recharge: Boosting Anaerobic Power in Adolescent Wrestlers Through Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing698310858310.22059/sshr.2025.397586.1199ENSobhanHadidiDepartment of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.0009-0006-6456-363XNabiShamsaeiDepartment of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.0000-0003-0677-355XHadiAbdiDepartment of Sport Sciences, Payam-e Noor University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-4308-7233Journal Article20250625Background: While carbohydrate ingestion enhances performance, carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) may confer ergogenic benefits via non-metabolic pathways; however, findings remain mixed.<br />
Aim: To examine the acute effects of a 6.4% glucose mouth rinse on anaerobic performance and fatigue in adolescent wrestlers.<br />
Martials and Methods: In a randomized, single-blind crossover design, sixteen trained male wrestlers (16.75 ± 1.4 y; 64.94 ± 8.4 kg; 1.66 ± 0.07 m) completed two trials (CHO and placebo) separated by a 1-week washout. Anaerobic performance (peak, average, and minimum power) and fatigue index were assessed with the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST). During the 10-s recovery of sprints 1, 3, and 5, participants completed 5 s active rest followed by 5 s mouth rinse (25 mL of 6.4% glucose or water).<br />
Results: CHO mouth rinse produced significant improvements in average power (p = 0.001, d = −2.38), peak power (p = 0.03, d = −0.92), and minimum power (p = 0.002, d = −1.74), while no significant change was observed in fatigue index (p = 0.39, d = 0.32).<br />
Conclusion: CMR boosts anaerobic power but not fatigue resistance, supporting its potential as a practical ergogenic aid for high-intensity, intermittent sports.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108583_fc845ccb32a838a649fafd18582ff6d6.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101The impact of different exercise training types on cardiac Vimentin in Wistar male rats849310858410.22059/sshr.2025.394829.1190ENMahboobehBorjian FardDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran0000-0003-0468-6030RahmanSooriDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.0000-0002-4661-7204ZohrehMazaheriBasic medical science research center, histogenotech company, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20250509Vimentin, a cytoskeletal protein in cardiomyocytes, plays a key role in maintaining structural integrity and transmitting mechanical signals.<br />
This study aimed to investigate the impacts of resistance training (RT), endurance training (ET), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiac vimentin levels in male Wistar rats.<br />
Thirty-two male rats (8 weeks old, average weight of 218.6±13.8 grams) were divided into four groups: control, RT, ET, and HIIT. The 8-week protocols included: ladder climbing for RT, continuous running at 65–70% VO₂max for ET, and intervals at 85–90% VO₂max for HIIT. Cardiac vimentin levels were assessed via immunofluorescence. Data were analyzed using ANOVA.<br />
All exercise training groups showed a significant increase in cardiac vimentin compared to the control group (P=0.0001). The HIIT group exhibited the highest increase, significantly surpassing both ET (P=0.001) and RT (P=0.0001). <br />
the findings suggest that exercise training, particularly HIIT, increases cardiac vimentin levels in rats. This increase may represent a structural adaptation in response to exercise-induced mechanical stress. However, given the dual role of vimentin in both physiological and pathological processes, these results should be interpreted with caution Future studies correlating vimentin changes with cardiac function and fibrosis markers are essential to define this response's exact nature.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108584_4f507caff56a5bd546415094003cc764.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Effect of a Basketball-Specific Sportsmetrics Program on Neuromuscular Control in Female Athletes with Dynamic Knee Valgus9410410858510.22059/sshr.2025.398433.1202ENHemnMohammadiتربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی.ادبیات و علوم اجتماعی.کردستان.سنندج.ایران0000-0002-8225-4463NiloofarAdibhesamiMSc of Corrective Exercise and Sports Injury, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanity Sciences, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran.Journal Article20250718Background: In female high school basketball athletes the most common site of injury is the knee , and the primary mechanism is increased DKV during landing.<br />
Aim: In this study, the effect of basketball SMs on lower extremity control during landing in female basketball athletes with DKV was investigated.<br />
Materials and Methods: The present study included 30 high school basketball athletes with DKV. The DLS and LESS tests used to assess DKV and LESS by Kinova software. The exercise group performed basketball SMs for 6 weeks. To analyze statistical data, SPSS, and the ANCOVA statistical method were used at a significance level of 0.05.<br />
Results: The results showed that performing six weeks of basketball SMs training significantly reduced (p < 0.01) the DKV angle (from 17.4 to 11.2 degrees) and the LESS score (from 13.4 to 7.1) in the exercise group, while in the control group, no significant change was observed in DKV and LESS score after 6 weeks of regular training.<br />
Conclusion: Despite the small sample size and lack of long-term studies, due to adjustment, DKV, and poor landing technique, the use of SMS is recommended as a promising approach for basketball coaches and players with DKV.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108585_9d7b11d9014ecc7a1727e384571227c2.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Benefits of Native-Local games intervention based on the TGFU-GS pedagogical models for motor proficiency and cognitive ability in children10511910858610.22059/sshr.2025.395540.1197ENMinaKeshavarzmirdamad0000-0003-3234-5786HasanMohammadzadeProfessor, Department of Motor Behavior and sport management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, IranJournal Article20250518Background: In the recent years, there has been considerable interest in the evolution of physical education teaching approaches, ranging from a traditional teacher-centered approach to a student-centered approach. Aim: This study aims at assessing the changes in students’ motor proficiency and cognitive ability after a four-month Native-Local games intervention based on the TGFU-GS with children. Martials and Methods: A semi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest design and two experimental groups was used, adopting the convenience method. Two groups of children engaged in 12 weeks of TGFU-GS approach (n=13, age=10.78±0.93 years) or the traditional (n=14, age=10.63±0.72 years) approach. The Bruininks–Oseretsky test of motor proficiency and the Simon effect test of cognitive ability were utilized. Results: The results of a mixed ANOVA showed that the TGFU-GS approach had a greater positive effect on motor proficiency and cognitive ability than the traditional or linear approach. The intra-group analysis also showed that although both groups had progressed, the TGFU-GS group made more progress. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TGfU-GS can be a valid alternative to traditional methodologies not only when a PE unit aims to stimulate the cognitive ability, but also for the development of motor proficiency attributes that may help pupils develop comprehensively.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108586_bd847fd835b2c6025557898b6aff7b2d.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Effect of Eight Weeks of Ergonomics Education and Corrective Exercises on Postural Angles in Young Men with Upper Crossed Syndrome: A Quasi-Experimental Study12013510858810.22059/sshr.2026.391989.1184ENMohammadSeyedAhmadiDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Velayat University0000-0001-6060-8358KarimKhalaghiDepartment of Sport Sciences, Hakim Nizami Qochan Institute of Higher Education, Quchan, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran0000-0003-4313-444XSajadMadadiDepartment of Sport Sciences, Hakim Nizami Qochan Institute of Higher Education, Quchan, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran0009-0001-7445-9370YasamanKhalaghiDepartment of Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran0009-0009-9942-4762Journal Article20250312Background: UCS is a common musculoskeletal condition characterized by forward head posture, rounded shoulders, and an increased kyphosis angle. <br />
Aim: This investigation aimed to study the impact of 8 weeks of ergonomics education and corrective exercises on UCS in men aged 18-30.<br />
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study examined men aged 18 to 30 with UCS in Quchan. Forty-eight participants were randomly assigned to three groups (16 each): corrective exercise, ergonomic intervention, and control. Postural angles, including forward head, forward shoulder, and thoracic kyphosis, were measured using a flexible ruler and a digital camera. Data analysis was conducted using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests at α < 0.05.<br />
Results: The corrective exercise group achieved significantly greater improvements in all postural measures compared to both the ergonomic and control groups. Specifically, the forward head angle improved by 7.98° (p < 0.001), and the kyphosis angle decreased by 7.19° (p < 0.001). The rounded shoulder angle also improved significantly versus the ergonomic group (p < 0.001), but not the control group (p = 1.000). <br />
Conclusion: Corrective exercises were more effective than ergonomic interventions or control Group, in improving postural abnormalities associated with upper crossed syndrome.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108588_5d1c1f0dec8c295f2116b26ca33a9981.pdfUniversity of TehranSport Sciences and Health Research2981-020518120260101Comparison of the effect of TRX and core stabilization training on trunk endurance, quality of life and walking speed in patients with paraplegic spinal cord injury13614510858910.22059/sshr.2026.387292.1173ENAliKeshtiarayAssistant professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and
Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0711-6335MalihehAbdellahiMs. of sport injury and corrective exercises, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-2448-8317RezvanMirsafaei RiziPh.D. of sport injury, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-9509-1774Journal Article20250207Spinal cord injury results in loss of movement and sensation at lower levels of the injured area. this study was to compare the effect of six weeks of TRX and core stabilization training on trunk endurance, quality of life and walking speed in patients with paraplegic spinal cord injury.14 young men with paraplegic spinal cord injury voluntarily participated in this study, who were randomly divided into two groups of TRX and core stabilization training. Subjects completed the questionnaires of quality of life before training, and their core area endurance and walking speed were also assessed. Then the two training groups performed six weeks of TRX and core stabilization training. Both TRX and core stabilization training could improve core area endurance (P=0.001), walking speed (P= 0.001) and different dimensions of quality of life (except the environmental health dimension. Comparing the two groups, the subjects in the TRX training group performed better than the subjects in the core stabilization training group (P< 0.05), except the endurance factor in which the core stabilization training group had more effect on this factor (P=0.006). It seems that performing strength training in individuals with this problem significantly improves walking rate, trunk endurance and quality of life.https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_108589_30608b76eafbf3f0e395a26cd25c3152.pdf