University of Tehran Sport Sciences and Health Research 2981-0205 17 2 2025 07 01 The Effect of Aerobic exercise training on Mitochondrial Dynamics in the Muscle Tissue of Diabetic Rats 51 64 106027 10.22059/sshr.2025.382235.1164 EN Mehdi Bostani Department of Physical Education, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran Mehri Feisali Mofrad Masters student, Department of Physical Education, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Journal Article 2024 11 23 <strong>Background</strong>: Dysfunction of Skeletal muscle mitochondrial is often associated with some of the metabolic diseases for instance diabetes. <strong>Aim:</strong> the aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise training on proteins levels of MFN1, MFN2, FIS1 and Drp1 in gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats. <strong>Martials and Methods:</strong> In the present study, the 20 male Wistar rats (age: 8 weeks, weight: 200±20 g)  were randomly divided into four groups of Diabetic Control (DC), Diabetic Training(DT), Healthy Control (HC) and Healthy Training (HT). Induction of type-2 diabetes was done by combining of High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) injection . In the training groups, the aerobic exercise training program was carried out for eight weeks based on the principle of gradual overload, and the training intensity was increased from 15 m/min for 30 minutes in the first week to 25 m/min for 60 minutes in the last week. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were unconscious, then the tissue of the gastrocnemius muscle was extracted and kept at -80 temperature. The levels of all proteins were evaluated by western blot technique. One-way ANOVA analysis with Tukey's post hoc was used for comparison of variables in between groups at a significance level of 0.05 by SPSS-23 software. <strong>Results:</strong> Induced diabetes caused by the combination of high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection led to a significant decrease in MFN1 (P=0.001) and MFN2 (P=0.019) proteins and a significant increase in FIS1(P=0.012) and Drp1(P=0.023) proteins in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats. However,  aerobic exercise training led to a significant increase in MFN1(P=0.009) and MFN2 (P=0.015) and a significant decrease in FIS1(P=0.002) and Drp1(P=0.034) proteins  in the muscle of diabetic rats (P< 0.05). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>due to the results of this study, type-2 diabetes disturbs the mitochondrial dynamics and the optimal function of skeletal muscles. On the other hand, exercise, as a beneficial and complication-free strategy has a essential role to maintenance the balance of mitochondrial dynamics and its optimal function in the diabetic skeletal muscles. https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_106027_714292eb97fcf51cc7a4b16c2e0af90a.pdf